Abstract:
The sustainability of Beach Management Units (BMUs) in Homabay County, Kenya, is often challenged by a
misalignment between community values and governance structures. This study investigates the moderating effect of
project committee composition on the relationship between community values and BMU sustainability. Utilizing a mixed
methods research design, the study sampled 647 respondents from a population of 7,151 individuals across 143 BMUs at
active fishing sites. Respondents, including key informants and fishing participants from five sub-counties along Lake
Victoria, were selected through stratified random, proportionate stratified, and purposive sampling techniques.
Quantitative analysis revealed that community values (β = 0.847, p < 0.05) had a significant positive effect on BMU
sustainability, while project committee composition moderated this relationship (β = 0.002, p < 0.05). The inclusion of
project committees accounted for 75.7% of the variance in BMU sustainability, further supporting the critical role of
governance structures. Qualitative findings highlighted that local ecological knowledge, such as understanding fish species
behavior and seasonal shifts, is essential for sustainable fishing practices. The composition of BMU project committees
particularly the inclusion of local fishermen, environmental advocates, and community elders contributed to more balanced
decision-making, addressing both economic needs and ecological considerations. This study concludes that well-structured
project committees aligned with community values act as a vital bridge between traditional knowledge and modern
sustainability efforts. They ensure culturally sensitive and environmentally responsible decision-making, fostering long
term BMU sustainability. The findings underscore the need for inclusive, culturally aligned governance structures in
BMUs, with policymakers encouraged to integrate community values into beach management strategies.
