User Centric Model for Development of Mobile Applications for Micro, Small and Medium Scale Enterprises: A case of Kampala, Uganda

Abstract

Mobile technology presents significant opportunities for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to enhance operational efficiency, expand market reach, and improve customer engagement. However, many MSMEs, particularly in developing regions such as Uganda, face significant challenges in designing, developing, and implementing mobile applications that reflect real user needs and business realities. This study sought to create a model for guiding user centric development of mobile applications for MSMEs in the context of Uganda. Proposed model constructs were identified through an extensive review of literature covering technology adoption, software development models, and mobile application development in developing countries, focusing on successes, failures, and challenges. In addition, a qualitative exploratory study (n=30) aided in confirmation of the constructs identified from literature, as well as adding new constructs. A total of nineteen constructs were identified and categorized into four phases of mobile application development: conceptualization, design, development, and implementation. The model was formulated and validated statistically, guided by the Partial Least Squares Structured Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The outcome showed that twelve factors significantly influenced the user centric conceptualization, design, development, and implementation of mobile applications in MSMEs. The factors include: Conceptualization (Stakeholder input, functional features), Design (Task-Fit, Interface Consistency, Compliance and Design Flexibility), Development (Quality Assurance, Intuitiveness, Cross-Platform capability and User feedback), and implementation (User Training and Updates)